assignment 10

The question I chose to address is reducing bullying in schools if I were a principal. The first thing I would do to reduce bullying would be to provide a required class for everyone in school to take that would address and educate all students on the different types of bullying and the affects bullying has on kids. I would hope this would help some bully’s realize the potential physical and psychological harm they can cause on a human. If these classes did not work I would create some after school activities for bully’s and their victims. These activities would be ice breaker activities and team building activities to help break the bullying trend and try and create a friendship.

assignment 10

One way to reduse bullying in school is to have programs or activities that allow the students to interact with children they normaly wouldn't. Many children have a group of friends and they are the only people they hang out with. They dont know what the other children are goin through. So, they may be less likely to make fun of the other children if they get to know them.

assignment 10

In fifth grade I went through the D.A.R.E. program. In fact, out of all of the fifth graders in my school, I was chosen to give my speech on the O'Fallon, MO television channel at a city hall meeting. However, I do not believe that the D.A.R.E. program was highly effective, especially as early on as it was taught. In fact, the O'Fallon police department caught on to this and administered the D.A.R.E. program once again in seventh grade. This too, unfortunately, was not highly effective. The problem with the D.A.R.E. program lies in the fact that they do not teach the effects of drug and alcohol abuse as intensively as they should. The program, instead, focuses on saying no and standing up to peer pressure, which is good to learn, but not enough. If the grotesque effects of drugs had been taught to us, I believe that drug abuse would not have been as high. I also believe that schools should administer random drug tests. My high school did this, but only with the athletes. I believe that the random drug tests should have been in order for the entire student body. The drug tests would serve as a sort of "threat" to the student body to stay away from drugs or face the punishments.

Assignment 10

I think the best way to handle or prevent the use of drugs among adolescents is education. First, educate the students about the risks of drugs and the future problems that can occur from using them. Many other people mentioned DARE programs. I think that another key is parental education. Parents of adolescents need to be aware of the signs that their child is using drugs and be taught how to deal with the situation. In my town, the police force is very, very willing to work with parents and teens to not only discuss but solve issues dealing with drugs. I think the more education and information is out there and the more parents that hold their kids accountable for their actions, the less kids will use drugs.

I believe the way to reduced the use of drugs by adolescents is to start educating children at a very early age. When I was in school we had the D.A.R.E. program in 5th grade. I have heard lots about public schools getting rid of the program altogether. I believe this is a horrible idea, I also think that the D.A.R.E. program in 5th grade is kind of a waste of time. I believe they need to start programs like D.A.R.E. before the kids are exposed to it, which I am not for sure when that is, but if I had to guess close to third grade (which is so crazy!). I think that schools should put a very strict rules on bringing drugs and alcohol to school and being intoxicated or high at school. I believe that the best way to really enforce drug policies is to drug test high school sport players, and to do random drug testing in the schools. This might cost the public schools lots of money but I believe that could be the only way to really enforce drug and alcohol policies.

assignment 10

i think that drug use in adolescents is a problem existing at an earlier and earlier age... i know i remember being exposed to drugs and alcohol in elementary school. we all knew what it was... not that we had used any. by junior high most people had had first hand experience with drugs, usually marijuana thanks to older siblings. i think that the best way to expose the problem is to inform kids. parents and teachers are equally responsible for every childs awareness of what drugs are and what they can do. communication is the easiest way. in dare programs we are given the opportunity to stay clear of drugs, but that doesnt seem to be enough. harsher punishments in school settings and better communication between parents and their kids is the only way.

Assignment 10

To reduce the usage of drugs among adolescents is to introduce a program called D.A.R.E. This program makes people aware of what drugs and alcohol can do to you at such an age. When I was in high school there was also a club that people could join to make others aware of drinking and driving and drugs, it was called DREAM club. I was part of this club and every year before prom we would put on a a Mock DUI to all the students to show them what could happen if you did drink and drive. After the show was over with all the students would go into the theater and watch a slide show put together by the club on what drugs can do you. I thought that this idea was a great way to get the message across to the students that drugs, and alcohol are wrong and can be harmful to them and others with them.

assignment 10

I think to help stop bullying that uniforms should be worn. People wouldn't be able to make fun of people for what they wear or how much money they have. Another thing would be to get the teachers involved. Have them keep an eye children to see if they think bullying is accuring, and if it is have them come to me and then we would be able to keep better eye on them to stop it.

If I were a school principal, I would make a class dedicated entirely to drugs and their effects to reduce the drug use in adolesence. It would start early, too. If it were in an elementary school, I would make the DARE program mandatory instead of optional. The earlier children are aware of the harmful effects of drugs, the better. If it were in middle or high school, I would make a semester class dedicated to the same thing, and it would also be mandatory. Education is the only way that children will learn not to do things. Early prevention is always best.

assign. 10

In order to reduce school bullying, if I were a school principal, I would issue school uniforms. One major reason for kids fighting and being picked on is because of what they wear. Children wear clothes that their parents can afford. The "group" that wears the designer clothes or the nice outfits usually gang up and pick on children who are less fortunate and wear and bring things to class that may not be what is "popular". I think school uniforms would not eliminate school bullying and people may argue that it takes away idividuality but I believe it would reduce the number of kids being picked on because they do not have as much money as someone else.

assignment 10

I believe that to effectively reduce drug use in schools, students need to constantly be involved in a drug program. I did not go through D.A.R.E, and all we learned about drugs in elementary school was taught by our parents & peers which wasn't always effective. In middle school we were tought the general "drugs are bad" and in high school we had to take health our freshman year where the teacher went into details about specific drugs & what they do to your body. I think a course like this needs to be tought all throughout highschool and would be beneficial to have included in some sort of freshman seminar in college, like alcohol edu. Because in high school and college is when things are available to you, so the things you learned when you were ten are not necessarily going to be thought of.

I think a good way to prevent kids from using drugs in school or outa school would be to let them know what they do to you and others around you. when i was in elementary i had the D.A.R.E program and it was good and learned a lot from it. some kids thought it was dumb but i thought it was an effective way for kids to learn and know bout drugs and how they work and will mess your life up even your schooling. Maybge if you offered kids a reward for being drug free they would try harder and help others like their friends and people around them. well its a way to start. also if they had more programs set up that taught you bout drugs and everything. Another effective way to prevent kids from doing drugs would be to make more sever punishments for those students who get caught with drugs and alcohol. This would set an example for others in the school and hopefully keep drugs out of the school, and away from the students. and even if the parnets would help out and talk to their kids and others keep eyes on them.

assignment 10

As a principal of a school, I would make it perfectly clear that bullying is 100% unacceptable, there would be no second chances, warnings ect, just punishment for bad behavior. However, it would be important to find reasons why children are, often they have been bullied or come from abusive homes therefore if a child shows warning signs of being a bully he or she should recieve mandatory counseling to work out the issues.

Assignment 10

If I were a school principal, I would try to diminish bullying by employing a variety of approaches. First of all, bullies tend to be at large when there is a lack of adult supervision. I would make sure that recess, lunch time, and all extra curricular activities had adult supervision other than the normal adults, who were trained to notice bullying and put a controlled stop to it. Also, I would elect peer mediators for grades four and up, that their peers(victims and bullies themselves),would be able to bring conflicts to the mediator, and the situation could be worked out in a calm fashion. For older students, there would be absolutely no tolerance, and effective punishment (i.e., no ISS or OSS, some students want that as their punishment) would take place immediately. Students would also be able to talk to counselors or take problems to their teachers (who will have participated in effective bully handling workshops) to help work their problems out. Finally, as the principal, I would whole heatedly take upon the responsibility of supervising classrooms, recess, and cafeterias during lunch time myself, to make sure everything runs smoothly. This would be my approach and every technique would be effective in a perfect world, however, it is difficult to obtain absolute peace.

assignment 10

I believe that schools need to give more rewards for drug free students. As we have learned in this class so far, people tend to do things more effectively if they know they will be receiving something. Also, i believe hat there needs to be more drug programs such as D.A.R.E. and G.R.E.A.T. Another effective way to prevent kids from doing drugs would be to make more sever punishments for those students who get caught with drugs and alcohol. This would set an example for others in the school and hopefully keep drugs out of the school, and away from the students.

Assignment 10

I believe if I was a school principal I would use a wide range of techniques to reduce bullying in my school. My ideas depend on the grade level of students. My father is a principal this year at a Elementary school. They use a reward system for a student of the month and a character word that fits that student. One girl and one boy for every month. I believe for smaller children I would use this type of approach. I would do something special for those kids that were on good behavior and would encourage others to join. I believe if bullying is not stopped in Elementary school it spirals out of control and then we later do not know how to stop it. If there were problems with bullying I would implement a policy where the child had to start a session with the counselor for at least a week. I belive this would help to see if there were other problems occurring at school or at home to help prevent it.

Assignment #10 Reducing Drugs in Schools

In my opinion schools need to provide more than just a D.A.R.E. program or one drug prevention session during certain grades as the course of action to reduce drug use. I remember going through the D.A.R.E. program when I was in elementary school and I can't tell you anything about drugs that I remember other than to say no and that drugs are bad. In middle school and high school the situation wasn't much different. I think schools should make their message about drug education hit a little closer to home. I think they message needs to be harsher in reality than it is. In elementary school they teach you that drugs are bad and they do bad things to your body and that they make you make bad decisions. This is all well and good but it would be much more effective if you made the information a little more detailed. If you told a 3rd grader that one cigarette will take away 11 mins off of your life and then tell them that one pack is approximately 220 mins which is evuivilant to a little over 3 and 1/2 hours and then you tell that people who smoke a pack a day (approximately 20 cigarettes) they will lose approximately 55 days off of their life in just one year. Now, given this information about cigarettes which are legal at the age of eighteen, and apply the same style of deliverance with all of the other legal and illegal drugs that can be abused and I think the rate of drug abuse will go down once our youth discover the physical, emotional, and psychological damage they cause on not only themselves but their friends and families.

Assignment 10

To reduce bullying in a school I would enforce punishment on bullies. There would be no warnings or first, second, third offenses. Punishment would be administered immediately after a problem is brought to attention.
Another step for prevention could be taken with teacher and/or parent evaluations. If the teachers or parents notice behavior that is a concern, stepping in and offering the child counseling whether they are a victim or potential bully could prevent damage before it occurs.

Assignment 10

If I were a school principal I would implement a zero tolerance policy for bullying. This zero tolerance policy would not just apply to the students, it would also apply to the teachers as well. I believe that bullying starts with the teachers, if a teacher picks on a student (inadvertently/purposely) other students puck up on this behavior and snowballs out of control.
Punishment for bullying would be swift and severe, the student would automatically be suspended, and would not be allowed to return to school until a public apology was made in front of the entire school. Upon returning to school the bully would be on a two month “probation period.” The student would not be allowed to do anything unsupervised such as recess, small group work, or go to the bathroom.

Assignment 10

Address one of the following:

If you were a school principal, what would you do to reduce bullying in your school?

or

What do you think should be done to reduce the use of drugs by adolescents?

Assignment 9

I would have to say that I am currently in Kohleberg’s Lever III stage six. Post conventional Moral Reasoning with the understanding of Universal Ethical Principles. I believe it is important to follow social rules because they benefit everyone and are built by common concurrence. I often have the tendency to think outside the common social rules especially when it comes to human life and what would be best for me and my family. If it means something to my life or someone I love I would definitely say screw the rules and do what I want.

Assignment #8

My household was very authoritative. I had boundaries but only when my mom was around. When mom would work late, on the weekends or when she was on vacation I have a very permissive father. When my mom was around we knew the rules and the boundaries that we could reach. We were very open and flexible when it came to rules, but when dad was watching us we didn’t know what rules were and didn’t have many expectations. I believe that my mom did a great job raising us girls, my dad could have used some help but was never expected to. My family taught me responsibility, how to be successful, independent, and have respect for myself and others. The only thing that has been hard for me to deal with as I have gotten older is having respect for men. Since I had none with my dad, I have had a hard time treating my boyfriend as an equal. I believe that will also affect me and my boyfriend when we have kids but it is something that I am working on before that time comes.

I am in level three state five. I believe I am in this stage because I tend to focus on what the right thing to do is for the better good of everyone. I analyze things and do not make rash decisions.

9

i believe that i am in level 3, stage 4 or 5. i base my decisions on the greatest good, and the most reasonable solution. i often let my emotions interact wtih decisons but i use my awareness of that to limit their distraction.

I believe I am in Level 2 or stages 3 and 4 in the Kohlberg levels of moral development. I believe I am more in stage 3 out of the two. I am more concerned about gaining approval through trust and being loyal to society. I try to considered what everyone else thinks of me and try to please those around me especially authority such as my parents, teachers, and coaches.

Assignment 9

In Lawrence Kohlberg levels of moral development, I think that I am in stage 3 and stage 4 which is the conventional reasoning level. I tend to do whatever is asked of me and I always think what is right and what is wrong before doing anything. Also many people have described me as a good girl. I tend to do everything to get the approval of everyone around me instead of doing something for myself.

Kohlberg

I think I'm in Kohlberg's Level Three stages 5 and 6. In this level you base your decisions and reasoning off of universal, ethical principles. I think that I make my decision based off what is the best for the people around me.

I would say that I am in Kohlberg's Level 3, postconventional moral reasoning, stage 5. i take things that people say and think about them and then I try and look at the whole picture, and not rely on my emotions to make my decisions. But sometimes my emotions are good to rely on them at times their not. so i guess i can say i have made it this far by looking at more of the big picture and not just inside the box.

Assignment 9

I believe I would have to say I am in Lawrence Kohlberg’s Conventional Moral Reasoning Stage four. Since I dispatch 911 for a police dept, I fall into that proper behavior that society has set. Even if no one is around you still have to obey the law. I tend not to question to much because at some point or another someone has and most likely didn’t get anywhere. The rules are set by our society for a reason and very rarely change. I try to be the good citizen and do what is expected out of me. I plan on going into teaching so I would expect that my students would do the same and obey the laws and to be a outstanding citizen and part of society.

Assignment #9

I believe that I am currently in level III: Postconventional Moral Reasoning somewhere between stages Five & Six. Being a Criminal Justice Major I strongly believe that the Social Contract is very important but also that it is bendable and flexible. Not every social situation allows for every “rule” or law to be followed and having already put some minimal law enforcement experience under my belt I know that not every law can be enforced at every moment. There is simply too many and not enough time. There are some instances where I find myself in similar situations using different “rules” of the Social Contract for different occasions.

Assignment 9

I am in Kohlberg’s Level III: Postconventional Moral Reasoning, between stage five and stage six. I believe that I am between stage five and stage six because as a Criminal Justice Major I feel that it is important to obey social rules because they benefit everyone and are established by mutual agreement. I don’t think our country could function without set, black and white rules, which would suggest I am in stage five. However, as a nurse I find myself in situations where a human life is at stake. I sometimes have the urge to step outside the black and white rules of our society because in the heat of the moment a human life seems much more sacred then bureaucracy, suggesting that I am in stage six.

assignment 9

I believe that I am at Kohlberg's Level 3, postconventional moral reasoning, between stages 5 and 6. I tend to question the fairness of rules and laws. I am much more concerned with the greater good than the disobedience of a law. I am notorious for playing the so called "devil's advocate" because I question the law in comparison to the morality of what a person may have done. I also tend to believe that there are certain things that transcend laws (preserving a life).

morals

i would say that i am between stage 3 and 4. i go by if things are wrong or right. sometimes go by what others are doing. it really depends on the situation i am in to make the decison.

Assignment 9

I would definitely say I am in level two Conventional moral reasoning, stage four. I would like to say that I do things because I know they are right or wrong, but I typically do what others expect of me to gain approval. I do what the majority does, and I tend to crave acceptance. Unfortunately,level two stage three of Kohlberg's moral reasoning is that of the concrete operational stage. This level tends to be followed by people who follow the rules and do what others expect with no regard for whether the situation is fair or not. However, it is the stage and level that applies most to me.

Assignment 9

I would say that I am in Kohlberg's Level 3: postconventional moral reasoning, stage 5. I try and look at the whole picture, and not rely on my emotions to make my decisions.

Assignment 8

My parents used an authoritative parenting style. However, at times it was traditional because my father was the one that disciplined us. I grew up in a loving home. They had rules that I followed, or I got punished. When I got older they were more lenient. I remember having many discussions with my parents. They would tell me why they thought i shouldn't do something, and in return I was able tell how I felt. I believe there parenting style has helped shape me into the person I am today. It taught me discipline, self-control and maturity.

Assignment 7

When I was youger, I had a hard time learning to ride my bike. The first time my dad took the training wheels off, I fell off. I said i would never take them off again. My dad would incourage me, saying that I could do it. He would show me that he could ride a bike withoput training wheels. I was determinded to be like my dad. With his guidance and motivation i eventually was able to ride my bike without training wheels.

assignment 9

I think that currently i am in the postconventional moral reasoning. I believe that i am in stage 5 because right now i am a double major in psychology and criminal justice. I am currently taking a class called criminal law which explains the law and all of the elements in which need to be present for a law to be broken. This is one area in which i am very interested and in every situation i try and examine the laws. I weigh out the choices right from wrong and choose the best possible decision basied off of that. I like examining every situation from different perspectives as well.

assignment 9

I am in the third level, sixth stage. I am more concerned about the people and circumstances of a situation than the laws that may or may not come into play. I do not view things in black and white which is how most laws operate. There is just too much gray area to account for to assume that the law is always right.

kohlbergs theory

I think I am in Level three stage six on many issues, because usually I am more concerned with my personal morals than with societal law, however most people function on several levels simultaneously, so in reality I am probably functioning on many levels, depending on the issue at hand.

I am in Level 3, Stage 1. Stage 5 is the stage where individuals start questioning what makes for a good society, and are concerned with individuals and individual rights. I am not in stage 4 because stage 4 is about how to keep a society running; not what is best for the people in it. The people are clearly the most important part of society. A good society can be achieved when people are given free will to choose things, and they will learn from their mistakes. That is the idea behind level 3, stage 1.

Assignment 9

Lawrence Kohlberg described three levels of moral development, each consisting of two stages. In which level/stage are you currently? Explain.

assignment 8

My parents are divorced and they both used two different styles of parenting. My mother used an authoritative style of parenting. She disciplined me but she would also listen to my explanations. I remember having many discussions as to why she was setting the rules a certain way or why she was punishing me. If I was late for curfew she usually wasn't upset unless I didn't call before to let her know I was going to be late or have a good explanation as to why I was late. My dad used an authoritarian style of parenting. My curfew was always set at midnight. If I tried to negotiate a later curfew he would always make it earlier. When I asked him why he would say, "because I said so." If I was ever late for curfew I was not allowed to go out the next night. I think that their styles have allowed me to have more respect for my parents, but it also caused me to rebel. Whenever I stayed with my dad I would always sneak out because I felt too restricted.

8

My mother and step-father used the authoritative parenting style in raising me. My whole life my parents had their own list of rules for my siblings and I; however, they did compromise with me for many of the rules. A lot of rules were formed for me because of something my older brothers did when they were younger but after a while I was able to get around those rules. But throughout my whole childhood I was always able to go out with friends and have sleepovers. My parents also were not afraid to ground me for a week or not let me go out when they believe it was not in my best interest, like seeing a rated R movie or something like that. I feel like I have turned out like many of the outcomes the text book listed. I am very social and able to get along with other people and adults. I was also able to respond to other adults demands other than my parents. Authoritative seems to be the best parenting style.

Parenting Style

When I was younger, both of my parents were very authoriatarian style parents. They both had rules that my brother and I had to follow, and we were never allowed to question them. The answer that he and I most commonly got was 'Because I said so.' We were never allowed to discuss options, and although we were never physically punished, we had heinously long time-outs and trips to our respective rooms. As I got older, and learned to fight back thanks to teenage angst, both of my parents started being more authoritative. I never had a set curfew; I we always talked about the 'proper' amount of time I should be out, which usually depended on what I was doing, and who I was with. Even though I do not agree with the parenting style that both of my parents used when I was younger, I still think I turned out pretty well.

Parenting Style

My parents had an authoritative style of parenting. Each of them had a set a rules that I had to follow but they also supported me in whatever I did such as playing sports, school, and many activities involving school. If I ever broke any of their rules they would sit me down and tell me what I did wrong instead of just punishing me. Both my mom and dad had very different styles, my mom was more laid back but she still had rules and guidelines that my sister and I had to follow. As for my dad he had more rules but he still understood everything that we had to say about certain things. To this day I am very understanding to others and I owe that all to my mom and dad they made me the way I am now. Although there was one thing that they did not understand is when I made the decision to not play softball this year. Both my parents wanted me to keep playing and I told them that I could not play any more due to me blowing my knee out this spring. Now as time has pasted I think that they are understanding my point but are still wanting me to play. I owe the way that I am to both my parents and how they raised me when I was growing up.

parenting style

My parents use the authoritative style. They had rules and boundries but they would listen to what I had to say and would sometimes have exceptions for those rules. They made sure that my homework was being done and that I had good grades. They supported me and helped me through a lot of things and I would not be where I am today without them.

assignment 8

when i was younger, my parents made sure that my free time was spent reading books or playing outside. i didnt get to watch tv for more than an hour a day. movies were watched during family time but that was the only exception. i think, when i had to opportunity to make my own decisions about watching tv, i was more likely to chose to work on a school project or read, even just find something more productive to do.

Parenting

My parents were definitely a mixture of authoritative and authoritarian. I think if I would've been a child with a rebellious attitude that it would've seemed they were authoritarian. But since I never really fought against them, things stayed where we were always open and communicated well. They were never afraid to say no or tell me I was doing something wrong, but they also let me explain why I did what I did. (Not that an explanation always made a difference :) But they made decisions and rules for me out of their love for me. I can honestly say that I hope I can raise the kind of kids they did, in the way that they did. I feel it helped me develop into someone who is reliable and independent, but also someone that can make good decisions.

Assignment #8

My parents were of the authoritative parenting style. They were strict about their rules but listened to my sister and me and let us give our opinions. One thing I particularly remember and am very thankful for is that my parents would explain their reasoning to me nearly every time if not every time. They would tell me why instead of just saying, “Because I said so.” They were lenient because I was a bit more well behaved than other children but were stern when I made a mistake. Along with explaining themselves for telling me and my sister no or not to do something they would also explain why they punished us for doing something we were not supposed to do.

As a result I am more respectful of their opinion and I in turn am prepared to explain nearly all of my decisions and the thought process behind them. This has helped me to be able to justify my decisions and my thought processes. I am much more comfortable in approaching my parents about controversial subjects as well as everyday topics.

Assignment 8

My father used an authoritarian parenting style in raising my brother and I. He made rules that we were excepted to follow without question. When we were young he would not tolerate wining about what kind of food he made for dinner and there was certainly no eating the same food from the same plate every day. I think this parenting style was very good for my development. I was the type of kid that if I was given an inch I would have taken a mile, I need strict rules and expectations with clear consequences for failure. As a result of my up bringing I am more mature than I would be other wise. I think the authoritarian parenting style taught me responsibility and accountability (despite what the book says about the authoritarian parenting style). As an adult the things I learned from my upbringing have been instrumental in my success. My father would never except anything but perfection in chores, school, and sports, I believe this made me a very competitive and drive person.

assignment 8

My mother and father were and still are authoritative. I say this because there were definitely rules that we had to follow and stick to, yet we were shown plenty of love and care. Also, if at some point I were to have broken a rule, they listened to why I did so, and allowed for my feedback as to why the rule was broken. However, most the time I still wound up with a punishment, just never and extrmely harsh one. At the same time that I knew I were to stick to my parents rules, I always could come to them if I had a problem, and they would should care toward me to help me work it out. My parents were never neglectful of me, and I always knew how much they loved me. I'm thankful to this day that my parents chose to utilize this parenting style as opposed to purely authoritarian or the polar opposite of permissive indifferent.

assignment 8

My parents used the authoritative approach when raising me. Their were plenty of rules that my parents held up to. However, if I were to break a rule, my parents would listen to my explanation before punishing me. I grew up hearing the statement, "Two wrongs don't make a right." Chores were common in my household. I was expected to take care of my cats, keep my room clean, do dishes, vaccum, etc. I believe these chores helped me to become a more responsible and organized person. My parents always encouraged me to be who I wanted to be. They never shot down my dreams, but instead told me to always reach for the sky. The way that my parents raised me has effected who I am as a person. I am more open-minded because they were open-minded. I have also learned to think before I take any actions, or say something that I would regret. I respect the way that my parents chose to raise me and I know that when I become a parent some day, I will raise my children in the same way.

assignment 8

My parents used the authoritative approach when raising me. They had rules that I was expected to follow but they also would take my opinion on things and listen to what I had to say before making any decision on how they were going to punish or reward me. I think this way has helped me not only think before I act, but it made me appriciate what others had to say before I jumped to conclusions about things.

assignment 8

I think my parents raised me mostly through the authoritarian parenting style. Punishments were physical up until I was a teenager and there was no discussion of rules or my thoughts about them. My parents did show some characteristics of authoritative parenting though. They were responsive to my needs and I wasn’t afraid to ask for anything. I think my parents mixture of styles was both good and bad. While I understand boundaries and am responsible for my actions, I am a little more dependent than maybe I would be if they had taken the authoritative approach in all aspects.

assignment 8

For the most part my parents took an authoritative approach to raising my brothers and I. They gave us opportunities to become independent individuals (required it in fact), having us help prepare meals, do chores and take care of the animals at a young age. They had guidlines but were somewhat flexible depending on the situation. The allowed us to explain ourselves when we did wrong and based our punishment more off of each individual situation. They also encouraged us to find our own interests, whatever they might be and supported us in pretty much whatever activities we were intersted in.

Assignment 8

While I was growing up my parents used an authoritative parenting style. They taught me to be responsible for my own actions and always had me thinking about the consequences of my actions. They had several rules for me to follow. But if I ever did break one of the rules or do something I know I should not have been doing, they sat me down and we talked about it before they punished me. I was able to understand why what i had done was wrong so I could correct it in the future. I always knew that if I got in trouble I dissapointed them and that was punishment enough. If I ever did not agree on a punishment, I knew I could have an open conversation with them. This kind of parenting effects me today because I am very responsible for my actions. I do not blame my mistakes on someone else and I am able to take full responsibility for what I have done wrong and I am able to correct it the next time a situation like it occurs. I had a very open relationship with my parents and I am very thankful for it today.

Assignment 8

During my upbringing my mother and step father used a Authoritative approach. They had their rules and expectations I was to follow which I believe is what I needed. My parents always had rules, chores etc. for me to follow and were demanding of me. But they were flexible and all I had to do was come and talk to them if I wanted or needed something. We had a very open relationship which was good because I was very close to them but still knew my boundaries. My father on the other hand was more Permissive indulgent I had no boundaries and since he only seen me every other weekend I didn’t have any expectations of his to meet. I had a balance of both. I believe my mothers authoritative approach had a bigger effect on me because I like to have structure and goals for myself which she taught me.

Assignment 8

when i was growing up my parnets had different pinishments for me at each house. My mother was more authoritarian. Which with her punishing and low communication we had because we fought a lot, i eventually end up becoming close to her. Because i realized what she was doing to me was for my own good. and during high school i followed her rules and made straight A's and was in national honor society. then when i went to my fathers he was more Permissive Indulgent because he let me get away with a lot and i beleive just becuase i didnt live with him. and i of course was a daddy's girl. so coming from both sides i think i turned out good and learned that you cant do everything you want and have to have some boundaries as a kid. If you grow up without a parnet giving you some rules and boundaries then you will just think you can do whatever and whenever you want. so its a good thing that i did because i thank my parnets for it all.

Which style of parenting did your caregiver/mother/father use in rearing you? What effects do you think their parenting styles had on your development?

Learning my multiplication was a huge challenge that I faced while in elementary school. I was very determined to learn how to do it but I have a very bad memory. I would have to memorize these multiplication factors for a test the next day and so I would but I would forget as soon as the test was put infront of me. On top of the pressure of memorizing these factors I was also timed which was very overwhelming for me. I started learning my multiplication factors by the flash cards but that did not work for me, so my dad guided me by making me cheat sheets. I used those every night when checking my homework. My mom and I would play school and I would be the teacher teaching my mom and little sister her multiplication factors. This worked really well for me cause I have always been the helping person so I found that if I could teach them their factors they were getting help and so was I. My experience relates to Vygotsky's concepts by the use of guided participation. Both my parents were very supportive and guided me through all the steps of learning my multiplication factors. Now I am a pro at multiplication and would usually win when playing the game “around the world!”

7

The experience I that comes to mind that was difficult to me was learning how to swim. My older sister was on a swim team and she helped teach me how to swim. She helped me by using guidance and motivation to learn how to swim. We started in the shallow end of the pool and my sister would put her hands under my stomach to keep me floating and I would kick my feet and move my arms. Before long I was going all around the shallow end with her guiding me and eventually could swim without her guidance. Along with her guidance and motivation I was able to learn how to swim and have been a good swimmer ever since. This is an example of zone of proximal development. I need help to learn how to swim and eventually was able to do it on my own once I mastered the task.

7

when i was young my grandma started teaching me how to cook. she showed me how to mix, measure and bake just about anything i wanted to know how to make. she, as the teacher, used guidance and motivation to help me learn. with her assistance i was able to comprehend each step of the cooking process, but i had to learn slowly. this is an example of vygotskys zone of proximal development, after i could complete the measuring process with help i learned to do it on my own and the same for each step after untill eventually, i could make something on my own or with help of a recipe.

vygotskys theory

When I was five, my grandma taught me to tell time using my little red minny mouse watch. She helping me understand that it was important to be able to tell time on a real watch. she then let me practice, scaffolding me until i could tell time on my own.

assignment 7

Learning to read is a difficult task because of the many steps involved. First, through apprentice in thinking stage, my parents taught me the letters of the alphabet. Then through guided participation my parents helped me put letters together to form words and eventually words together to form sentences. While in the zone of proximal development I was still mastering the skill of reading whole sentences by myself so my parents would help me out with words here and there when I needed help. Eventually I no longer needed my parents help and was able to read without their guidance.

assignment 7

One of the most frustrating and difficult tasks that I had to learn as a child was tying my shoes. My parents and I worked together on this tasks for what seems like eternity. They were always very supportive of me and gave me loads of encouragement (Motivation). They even sang me silly little songs that were meant to help me to remember the process (Guidance). Sadly, I never truly learned to tie my shoes like most everyone else does. I guess I was just way too stubborn to learn the normal way because I'd found my own way that worked well enough for me (ZPD). To this day, I still tie my laces using the process my parents dubbed "bunny ears."

Assignment 7

Riding a bike was something that was very difficult for me to learn. I didn't learn to ride my bike until I was eight years old. I was not really motivated to do it because I wasn't immediately good at it, and my dad is not very patient when it comes to trying to explain things to someone...especially a child. However, one weekend my older cousins came to visit, and their goal was to have me riding all up and down the street on my own before they left. I was motivated to go out and ride because they were there and actually wanted to teach me how to do it. They wanted to guid me through it. They showed me how it was done, and when I wanted to quit, they wouldn't let me. First, they actually made me get up and go outside and do it. Next, each one of them got onto the bike and showed me how to keep my balance, how to kick off from the ground, and how to stop the bike without putting my feet down. Next, they had me get onto the bike myself, and they took turns holding the seat while I tried what they had just shown me. After I had mastered that skill, they would let go of the bike. Later, they had me taking off and stopping by myself. Even though it took a long while before I completely mastered the task, one weekend put a big dent in everything I needed to know.

Assignment 7

When I was three my dad got me my first pair of skates. He has always said that I was born to skate. My dad tells me that the first time he put the skates on me he turned around to talk to someone and when he looked back he saw that I had gotten up on my own and started skating around in circles. I don’t remember ever having to learn or practice skating, it just came naturally. When I was five I started playing hockey, and it to came every naturally to me. When I was about eight or nine I saw a high school ice hockey game, before the game started all the players came out on the ice and started shooting slap shoots. It was the coolest thing that I had ever seen, I wanted more than anything in the world to be able to shoot a puck like that.
The next day I made a target in my garage so I could learn how to shoot a slap shot. I already had a pretty good shot so I thought learning how to hit a slap shot would be easy, I was very wrong. I must have shot a million times without any success. I would even watch old taped hockey games in slow motion to try to figure out what I was doing wrong (Apprentice - the tendency to look to others for insight and guidance). After a few months with little success my dad signed me up for a class that taught only shooting. The guy who taught the class was a retired NHL hockey player. Using the concept of scaffolding he was able to teach me to do a slap shot by building on the wrist shot that I could already do. Just a few pointers made all the difference.

Assignment 7

Task learned: Shooting a rifle.

Guidance: The first time I ever shot a rifle was with my father and uncle in Oklahoma at my uncle’s cabin he used for dear and turkey hunting. The rifle I was learning to shoot was a .22 caliber which is a little smaller than a standard #2 pencil. It is a short small rifle that has little to no kick what so ever and makes more of a loud popping sound than an actual exploding sound like larger caliber firearms.
My father and uncle explained to me the safe method for holding and handling the unloaded rifle and that I should always point it is a safe direction so that if it were to go off for any reason that it wasn’t going to harm anyone or anything. They then explained to me the safety features on the rifle itself and how it worked. Some rifles must be loaded each time it is fired and some rifles will reload themselves. This particular model of rifle would hold approximately 10 to 12 rounds and would reload itself.
Once I learned how to handle the rifle and its different features I was instructed on how to properly hold the rifle for optimum efficiency and accuracy. But seeing how I do everything right handed but I am left eye dominant and therefore am left handed with a rifle some of these techniques were a bit tricky for my father and uncle to explain to me because they had to think like a left handed person.
Now it was time for my first shot. Luckily my uncle had placed a small sniper scope on the little rifle which made it easier for me to see the very small target down range, which happened to be a soda can. However, I was unsuccessful the first few shots because I didn’t realize that the bullet actually moves during flight and does not fly in a perfectly straight line. This gave me the motivation to keep trying until I could hit my target repeatedly. I also had some apprenticeship with my older cousin who had been around guns more. To this day I am fascinated with firearms both old and new.

Assignment 7

An experience for me that was initially difficult was learning to tie my shoes. Vygotsky's concepts explain my experience in a basic sequential manner. My kindergarten teacher sat with me before and after school showing me with her own shoes how the contortion of knots somehow made a beautiful bow, and i tried to work along with her (guided participation). She repeatedly told me, "Samantha, you can do this. I know you are capable of tying your shoes sweetheart!" (motivation). Eventually, frustrated with the entire shoe tying extravaganza, I found a way of tying my shoes on my own, that did not utterly confuse me (ZPD). The experience was something I can still remeber to this day, because as Vygotsky stated, children are active learners...apparently I was just stubborn.

Assignment 7

A experience i had trouble with was riding anything that had two wheels: bike, moped, and scooter. When i was younger it was hard for me keep my balance, but no matter what i would keep trying and trying. I would ask for help over and over again. My mom and dad helped me to learn and kept motivating me to do well and hang in there.(motivation). My dad and i would go out everyday when it was nice and try and try to get it down. He would get his bike out and ride with me but still i just couldnt get it down.(Guidance) then finally one day about a year and a half later i finally got it down after the help from my mom and dad and a little help from my brother.(ZPD) From then on i was very happy with myself and pleased that i could finally do iton my own.

Assignment 7

For me I had a hard time learning to write my full name. My name is very long and for a child just learning letters and trying to put them together I found it extremely difficult. I would always ask for help which my mom always-helped (guided participation). She always was there and would work with me and work with me until I felt like I accomplished what I needed to. She was always really supportive and showed me how to do it. She always told me not to worry we would do it until I felt comfortable with it. It was always so frustrating for me because all the other kids had short names that they had no problems writing out. With enough practice and guided participation I finally learned it on my own and was able to do it without thinking (zone of proximal development).

Assignment 6

I would invest my money in the secondary prevention. In the secondary stage you are preventing harm in high risk situations in a specific group. I would like to know exactly what my money is going to help.

Assignment 7

Vygotsky's theory says that children are learners. For me, my learning issue was drawing and writing my letters. I couldn't handle doing it wrong, so I always asked for help (guided participation). My mom always told me I could do it (motivation) and that I didn't need help, which always made me a little upset, but regardless I learned to do it on my own (ZPD). Eventually my reliance on her or my teacher for help was gone.

Assignment 6

Like many other people said, I'd focus the limited funds given to me on Primary prevention. The best thing to do is stop maltreatment before it starts, thus reducing the amount of children who are abused. Secondary prevention would be my second choice because it focuses more on spotting the maltreatment that is already happening and offering care and help. Whereas, tertiary prevention offers options like adoption. So primary prevention would be my pick.

Assignment 7

There is one developmental thing that I remember in which I had some trouble doing, and that was tying my shoes. My parents spent time with me every night working on this, as well as teaching me a cleaver song to help me. I spent about a total of an hour a day working on this and i could not figure it out. Eventually after so much practice I finally figured it out and things were alot easier from there on out

Assignment 6

If I had the funds, i would spend them on the primary prevention, because in this stage it would prevent injuries and harmful things from happening. Education is a very important aspect in this type of prevention. You would be able to teach families and baby sitters things that would help the in the primary prevention stage.

assignment 7

Learning to ride a bike was difficult and frustrating for me. I was very comfortable riding a bike with training wheels on, but I was absolutely terrified to take the training wheels off. When I finally learned to ride a bike without training wheels my dad was there to help me. I started off by my dad holding onto the steering wheel and me so I could get accustom to how it would feel. Then he held onto me and leg me steer and peddle. Once I seemed comfortable he started letting go and walking next to me in case I lost my balance. It took me a while but I finally felt comfortable on my own and did not need my dad next to me. My experience relates to Vygotsky's concepts by the use of guided participation. My dad guided me through my learning experience. Also, it relates to the zone of proximal development. I was able to ride my bike with the help of my dad but I could not do it completely on my own at first.

Assignment 7

Think about an experience in which you learned something that was initially difficult. To what extent do Vygotsky's concepts (guidance, motivation, apprenticeship, zone of proximal development) explain the experience? Write a step by step description of your learning process (using theory to explain when relevant).

Assignment 6

I would concentrate my funding towards a primary prevention program. This would prevent injuries and problems from happening. You would be able to educate about future problems before they become an actual problem. If you were able to educate everyone about prevention and everyone helped each other we wouldn’t have to put lots of money into Secondary and Tertiary. People would learn before making the mistakes, its better to be proactive then reactive.

Assignment 6

If I had to choose one of the three levels of prevention due to lack of funding I would chose Primary Prevention. I would do this because Primary Prevention is preventing the problem before it can even happen. With Secondary Prevention the injury is more likely to occur, and Tertiary Prevention allows the injury to occur before any prevention methods can take place.

If had limited funds and had to chose which level of prevention to use on maltreatment, I would most likely use the primary prevention program. The primary prevention program helps by prevent the conditions that cause the chance of injury or problem. If we raised awareness of the maltreatment such as child abuse or situation like that then it would less likely occur. If the maltreatment was already taking place we would have to fund tertiary prevention. This way if it has already happened we could make sure to prevent this from happening again.

6

the idea of solving the problem before it is a problem is the way i would use the funds available to me. starting with the primary prevention would ensure sucess through secondary and tertiary prevention. the greatest good for the greatest amount of people is always the best use of time and money. : )

assignment 6

If I had limited money i would spend it to support the primary prevention program regarding maltreatment. The primary prevention program is to make injuries less likely to occur overall.
The reason I would not spend my money on Tertiary prevention is because it tries to prevent permanent injuries but most of the time the prevention occurs too late because an injury has already occured. Since primary prevention focused on preventing injuries overall there is a better chance that a child will not be injured because of maltreatment. This just seems like better prevention program because it is very well rounded and does not just focus on one specific issue like secondary prevention and tertiary. Streets would be safer to play on for our children and parents would not be as worried about their kids all the time. Especially when a parent leaves their child with a baby sitter. Parents would not have to worry as much about baby sitters being careless with their children. I just think primary prevention program is overall a better program and that is what i would spend my money on.

Assignment 6

If I had limited funds I would chose to support a primary prevention program. I feel that this group is important because it is trying to make injuries less likely from ever happening. It can help make a safer environment for chidren and thier neighborhoods. Also another thing that I think might help with preventing accidents is education. Teaching people in neighborhoods and anyone for that matter about what they can do to prevent any injuries from happening in the future. Although the other two groups are very important as well, I just fell that the primary group is more important because they are trying to prevent it from happening unlike the other two groups where it is already a problem.

I would put all of my money towards a primary prevention program. It's main purpose is to prevent injuries from ever happening. The other two are not as universal, and therefore, not as necessary as primary. Secondary prevention is much like primary, but it is not nearly as universal.

assignment 6

I would target my money toward the primary prevention program. Primary prevention works to prevent injuries from happening. It works in all situations, no matter the circumstance, to keep everyone safer from getting hurt. Second prevention is similar but only targets certain circumstances or groups of people instead of trying to cover all aspects. Tertiary prevention is only improvements in care after the damage is done. I think primary prevention of injury is more important than simply letting something happen and then cleaning up what’s left like with tertiary prevention. It would be best to have all three, but primary prevention should definitely have a larger focus since it will lower the needs for secondary or tertiary preventions.

assignment 6

If I had choose which one of the levels of prevention to fund, I would choose to fund Tertiary Prevention. All too often, maltreatment is not noticed until signs of abuse arise (malnutrition, illnesses, bruising, etc.). Funding this prevention plan would aid in the healing process of those who are abused. Primary prevention cannot always stop maltreatment from occurring, especially when a primary caregiver has a bad temperament, which as we have learned is genetic and therefore is not easily changed. Take for instance my aunt's soon to be ex-husband who is bipolar. He refuses to take his medication. He recently attacked my 15 year old cousin with what appeared to be intent to kill. The jackass went to jail, but made it out on bail. He now faces the consequences of not being able to see his family due to the fact that my aunt and my cousins testified that they want nothing to do with him. I do not believe that primary prevention would have prevented this abuse from occurring due to the genetic disorder present along with the unwillingness to take medication. Tertiary prevention, however, is allowing my aunt and cousins to be legally protected from such harm occurring again. Maybe one day, secondary and tertiary prevention will not be necessary, but until then I would fund the program that aids those who have been harmed.

assignment 6

I would use the money to go towards tertiary prevention. I know that sometimes that this can one can be to late but its the one of the preventions that gets looked over a lot. The money would help foster care and family support. The foster care system isn't the best in some places and it would help make it better for the kids that need it. It also helps with the hospitalization. Which needs to be good to help save the kids lives when they come in. It might also give the people dealing with the these programs more information or classes to help make the better for the job. I know many people probably think that the primary is more important but we can't always stop it from happening. The lucky ones get help before anything bad happens but the ones who don't get help need help the most when the abuse starts or the parents leave the baby. They need more help then ever at this point in time.

Assignment 6

If I had only a limited amount of money, and I was restricted to only supporting one of the three primary, secondary, or tertiary programs to prevent malnutrition, I would support the primary group. As stated by my classmates, I would also chose to support this group because it can help prevent problems before they even begin to emerge. By the time you try to support a secondary or tertiary programs, the problem has already occurred. Not to say that if I supported those groups to educate about malnutrition that it would be a lost cause; good could come from it. However, I would want to educate the primary group about malnutrition before the problem even arises. I would definitely put my limited amount of money in support of the primary group!

Assignment 6

I would put my money into supporting primary prevention. I would think my money would be going to good use because it is helps prevent accidents from occurring even before the situation arises. One way that primary prevention help is through educating the public. There are education programs on drunk driving and also the importance of wearing a seat belt. Education is very important and it is needed in lower class areas where citizens might not know aspects of preventing accidents from happening. It is important for all neightborhoods to be educated about what they can do to prevent accidents and what to do if they do happen. If primary prevention is implemented at a higher level there is less risk for accidents. I still value the importance of secondary and tertiary prevention but I would choose to give my money towards primary prevention programs.

Assignment 6

If i had the money to help a program i would choose the primary prevention. Primary prevention is structured to make injuries less likely, it fosters conditions that reduce everyone's chance of injury, no matter what their circumstances. Honestly i think that if this prevention worked and everyone helped out with it the other two: Secondary and Tertiary wouldnt be needed. Because if everyone could avoid injuries then it would be much better around. Primary prevention would make everything twice as better. We would have brighter streetlights. headlights, and there would be more speed bumps and everything else to prevent injuries from happening. It would be a much safer world.

Assignment 6

If I could only afford to support one prevention program regarding maltreatment I would choose primary prevention. Primary prevention make injuries less likely by promoting conditions that reduce everyone’s chance of injury. This prevention program would end up costing less money in the long run because it has been proven that reactive healthcare cost far more then proactive healthcare. In addition, primary prevention reduces everyone’s chance of injury, not just people of a certain SES or people with healthcare, which would benefit far more people.
I would target my money in parental education programs, especially for parents who have high risk factors for becoming an abusive parent. With this education program parents could learn positive parenting skills, as well as obtain alterative punishment strategies in hopes to prevent maltreatment before it starts. I believe that education is the one great equalizer, uneducated parents raise their children the only way they know how, which is typically how they were raised. If we can stop this perpetuating cycle a great deal of abuses could be prevented.

Assignment #6

With limited funds I would chose to focus my attention towards Tertiary Prevention. My reasoning for this is that statistically maltreatment is not noticed or addressed until it is visually obvious and by this point the damage has been done. Im not saying that maltreatment is never addressed early or prevented Im just saying that it is much more difficult to address during early onset. We cannot monitor each and every home to ensure the safety and wellbeing of every child. All we can do is pass laws that prohibit maltreatment of our children and then pray that parents have enough responsibility to rais their children in a clean, safe, nuturing environment or that other adults will take the responsibility upon themselves to report a maltreating parent to the proper authorities. Tertiary Prevention is designed to address this precise issue; actions taken after an adverse event occurs.

Assignment 6

I believe if I had limited funds, I would choose to support the primary prevention. The primary prevention overall is structured to make injuries less likely. If we made situations less likely and focused more on the primary it would reduce everyone’s chances of injury making Secondary prevention and Tertiary prevention less of a need. If we could focus on putting our money on primary and reducing those chances the likelihood would be less Secondary and Tertiary prevention that would be needed. I understand the importance of all three but I feel there would be less people affected if Primary prevention was receiving more attention.

Assignment 6

Please respond to the following:
If you had limited funds and could only afford to support a primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention program regarding maltreatment (chapter 8), where would you target your money? Why?

Assignment 5

Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is developed around infants discovering their environment and their surroundings. Both parents and their surrounding environment play a huge part in the development of a child. A child will also teach themselves with the guidance from their parents. The child is going to try new things and test the limits which increases their cognitive development. This could be the reason researchers have concerns about too much emphasis being placed on cognitive development. We don’t want the child to be overwhelmed with everything and we don’t want to push them so far that they get so frustrated with themselves they quit.

sure, according to piaget infants are learning mostly through their own bodies. but parent interaction might play a role in temperment or even attitude. mom and dad provide the bottle or binky to suck on, mom and dad praise them when they do something cute like kick their feet and giggle. i think that if ignored, the progression of piagets stages would continue but possibly the child would not have the same ideas about the world around them as a child whos parents gave them attention and praise

Assignment 5

Piaget believed that humans at every age and circumstance are active learners. His theory focuses on the surrounding environment of the child. The events that infants go through at each stage have more of an impact in development than the parents do. For example, in stage three of development the child learns object permanence. This is not something a parents can just teach a child. The child had to developmentally learn this using experiences in their environments. It is important for parents to know they are not there to teach their child how to develop but be there to help them through development. Researchers are concerned because if you force a child to speed up their development this can be harmful to their learning. Each child will go through the six stages of development but they will do so on their own time frame.

#5

The first and second stages are the primary circular reactions. The parents have little control in this stage because it is based on the babies senses and motor skills. at this stage the babies mostly like to put things in mouth and mess with objects and suck on things if they can. The baby primarily relies on reflexive assimilation. Stages three and four are when the baby interacts with people and objects. These stages the baby relies on being in contact with the objects as well as playing with them. So when it comes to teaching the infant the parents have no control. The baby is the teacher. Researchers may have a problem with parents pushing their children too hard at an early age, because this could also damage them and not just help them. But if you puch them at a young age they sometimes will turn out better or in come cases it could cause them to turn out to be the bad kids.

#5

In Piaget's theory there are six different stages that are involved. Some of the stages like the first two stages deal with nature. The child grasping, staring, and sucking do not have to do with parenting. Other stages like the third and fourth stage have to do with parenting. The fifth stage deals with apapting and anticipating something like playing patty cake with someone. One thing parents try to do is to push there children to learn some things that they just can't comprehend. A parent cannot teach there child to grasp there finger then they are 2 weeks old. I think when parents try to teach there kids too much and push them too hard they are taking away some fun out of their childhood. Children have their own speed in which they can catch on to things and there is no reason for a parent to push there kid hard to try and make them more advanced.

assignment 5

Regarding the impact of Piaget’s theory upon parenting, as well as education, there seems to be an obvious disconnect between my perception of reality and Piaget’s perspectives. Piaget seems to paint a picture that is very black and white. By that I mean, his theory does not take into account any extenuating factors such as cultural, personality, socio-economic background or other influencers which could either speed up or slow down the maturation and learning process. Piaget also does not take into account the learning concepts or approaches that differ between science, math, language or logic, for example. I do believe that Piaget’s theory is a valid guideline, but should not be considered as a rule.

Assignment 5

Piaget’s theory has six initial stages for infant development. During stages 3 and 4 infants start interacting with people, their parents in particular. During this stage babies learn how to elicit a response from the parent. Because Piaget focuses mainly on environment and surroundings, it is easy to see that parents have a big impact on the way their children. Children not only learn from trial and error, but are taught by their parents. Here we see why researchers are concerned. Many parents, most actually, today want their children to be above average. Many parents try to increase the cognitive development of their child by early learning strategies and certain types of music. This could be seen as placing too much pressure or strain on the infant. I think its just important to see that all children develop differently. It doesn’t matter what the parents want, its about the development of their individual child.

Assignment 5

Piagets theory has four stages. The first and second stages are the primary circular reactions. The parents have little control in this stage because it is based on the babies senses and motor skills. The baby primarily relies on reflexive assimilation. Stages three and four are when the baby interacts with people and objects. So when it comes to teaching the infant the parents have no control. The baby is the teacher. Researchers may have a problem with parents pushing their children too hard at an early age. This could cause more damage than good. The child could feel overwhelmed.

child psych-piaget

The implications of piagets theory of the sensorymotor stage on parenting are that children develop at roughly the same rate biologically, regardless of what parents might try to do to speed up the development of a child. For teachers, they could assume that most children are at about the same level regardless of what their parents or family members might have done to alter it (although I don't personally agree). Researchers might be concerned because parents are giving their children too much stimulation for really no reason.

assignment 5

The implications of Piaget’s theory of infant development for parents is that they are a large part of their child’s continued development. After the first couple of stages where the development is dealing with the child’s own body, the child moves on to discovering and developing in accordance to the environment around it. The more the parent interacts with the child and introduces new objects for the child to discover, the more the child learns. The same idea can be applied to the implications for teaching in relation to Piaget’s theories. The more interaction and time with an object or concept, the better it is taught and understood. Researchers are concerned over Piaget’s theories because he neglected to account for the fact that some children reach the different stages earlier than others. Through repeated stimulation, babies as young as one month can perform secondary circular reactions that Piaget didn’t believe would occur until the fourth month.

Assignment 5

Piagets theory implies that a child develops through the help of understanding the surroundings of their natural environment. This occurs during infancy when the child learns to explore his or her surroundings in his or her own way. For instance in stage 3 they start their interactions with people. Afterwards in stages 5 and 6 they become more engaged and become what psychologists have come to call “little scientists.” Researchers are concerned that applying too much emphasis early on will put pressure on them forcing them to learn too quickly. Over exposure to too many learning experiences is actually damaging to their learning potential. Every child learns through different but similar experiences and at their own individual speeds its only a matter of time.

Assignment 5

Piaget's theory of infant development is where nature and the surrounding environment play a huge part in the development of a child. Parents also have a role but is it not as big as nature. Within the first stage infants learn from themselves and their bodies. The third stage they start to interact with people and start to realize what certain objects do. Final stage is where they start to become the little scientist, meaning they want to explore and are curious about everything. If children develop faster than normal, they might miss out on certain that could come in handy when they become adults. All children develop the same way but at different rates. One might child might be in the third stage while his or her friends are still in the first two, it takes time for children to develop. As for the parents, I think that they should help or guide their child through each step, that way the child and the parent are interacting with one another.

Piaget’s theory of infant development does not directly acknowledge the parent, although, the importance of the parent and can be implied. For example, in stage one reflexes are emphasized such as sucking and grasping, but without the parent to provide a bottle the baby would not develop. Some implications and concerns for teaching and emphasis being placed on early cognitive development are “goodness of fit” the idea that for healthy psychosocial development to occur their needs to be a match between a child’s temperament and the environmental demands that the child must cope with.

Assignment 5

Through the implications of Piagets theory it implies that a child develops through help of understading their surroundings and environment. This happens in infancy when the child learns through themselves as they explore. They learn in stage three to start their interactions with people. Then in stages 5 and 6 they become more engaged and become little scientists. Researchers are concerned about putting to much emphasis to early can put to much pressure on them to learn to quickly. Children discover and learn through themselves in a natural way, when they learn to much to quickly they may not pick up as many key elements that they need to in order to develop to the full potential. Every child will develop it all comes at different speeds and ability for some.

assignment 5

As stated by my classmates, Piaget's theory of cognitive development involves the infant discovering through their surroundings at their own pace. It is not until stages 3 and 4 (secondary circular reactions) of Piaget's six stages of cognitive development, that infants began to explore and become more responsive to people. This initiation of discovery is furthered toward stages 5 and 6, when children develop into "little scientists". The role of parents upon infants needs not to be completely absent from the child's life, however overbearing the child can effect the natural cognitive development. In essence, children "teach" themselves about their surroundings from aid of the parent, however, the sequential development is employed more by the child's curiosity and initiative toward life. Following Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children follow the same model throughout these first crucial ages/stages of life, each developing with minimal variances.

assignment 5

piaget's theories have to do with nature and the surrounding environment. Their surroundings play a huge part in development while the parents only play a small part. It is necessary for the parents to do what they can to try and help improve or guide their child through these six stages. In the first stage, the child learns alot from themselves and about their body. In the Third stage, the child learns to relate abjects to people, especially other people such as their parents. All children develope the same way, just at different rates of speed.

assignment 5

Piaget't theory has a lot to do with the environment. He has six stages that infants go through. First stage they learn from themselves. In stage three they start to interact with people and start to realize what things do. For example they realize that a rattle makes noise. The final stage they start to anticipate and solve simple problems using mental combinations. There are three theories and how infants are taught these things: infants are taught, infants teach themselves, and then social impulses foster infant language. Some researchers might have a problem with parents starting to put pressure on their children so early about their cognitive development, and also that they might be pushing the infants to hard.

Assignment 5

Piaget's theory implies that nature is a big factor in the development of children, that it happens naturally, and parenting plays a small role in the infancy. During the first stage, children learn through their own bodies, therefore parents want to try to 'teach' children through that way. It is not until stage three that the child starts to associate with objects and people, or elicit pleasureable responses to stimuli. Researchers could possible be concerned because of how much parents are attempting to teach their children during imfancy. According to Piaget, children all develop basically the same way in about the same time table.

Assignment 5

What are some of the implications of Piaget's theory of infant development for parenting? What are some of the implications for teaching? Why are some researchers concerned about too much emphasis being placed on early cognitive development?

Assignment 4

First and for most Laura should stop drinking and smoking. Heather should explain to Laura the effects of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome the baby can develop because of her drinking. Also, smoking can cause birth defects such as low birth weight. It probably would have been a good thing for Laura to change her lifestyle before she got pregnant, but she should really focus on being healthy now. Heather should also encourage Laura to consult a doctor about a healthy diet and prenatal vitamins. Laura should know that everything she puts in her body and does to her body directly effects the baby. That doesn't mean she cannot have fun but she should do it in a healthy way. Heather should encourage Laura to look into exercise classes for pregnant women. If the mother is healthy and nourished so will the child and the less likely the child will be born with birth defects. The amount of sensory information the child should be exposed to should be up to the discretion of the parents and doctor. Some doctors believe that sensory information does not help with cognitive development and others believe that the more the child is exposed the better. Some types of sensory information that can be helpful with cognitive development is rubbing the belly, listening to music, and reading out loud to the fetus.

Assignment 4

IN order for Laura to have a healthy baby she should take prenatal vitamins. Also she should have a balanced diet and make sure she gets all the food groups. She should try and not drink at all, because this could lead to fetal alcohol syndrome. Smoking is also a major problem, however if she cannot quit then she should limit the amount she smokes. This will cause a low birth weight.

laura's sister should discuss the risks of her behavior with her sister. from the third to the ninth week after conception the embryo is most susceptable to teratogens (the critical period). smoking, not exercing and drinking are all very dangerous to the development of the baby. The brain and nervous system are still forming and a disruption in that process could have lifelong effects, including a long list of birth defects.

Assignment 4

For Laura to have a healthy baby, she needs to look at the risks involved for her child if she doesn't make some changes. The drinking and the smoking have to stop immediately because some of the most critcal development stages of the fetus are early on. If she doesn't, her child could have a low birth weight or even a disorder like Fetal Alchohol syndrome. Replacing these habits with something healthier is the only option she really has.

Assignment 4

Laura needs to let her know the importance about being healthy during her pregnacy. She also needs to exercise dailey and eat helthy or the baby wont be healthy. she could take her and get her in some classes about being pregnant and how to take care of her body and what all she needs to do. she definatley needs to stop smoking or at least cut back on it majorly. Smoking could really hurt the baby so some classes for that also could help her quit so that way the baby will be a lot better life and healthier. So after classes and some help and support form freidns and family she could her pregnancy into a lot better one just by starting to take care of her body and exercise.

assignment 4

Heather should tell Laura that she needs to stop smoking and drinking. Also that she needs to start eating healthier and exercising even if it is just for a little bit each day. Laura has to realize that she is caring for two now and not just herself. She also needs to take responsibility for this. Heather should explain the dangers of smoking and drinking while pregnant. Heather should also help Laura as much as possible because Laura is probably scared even though she won't show it or tell anyone.

Assignment 4

If Heather was a good sister should tell Laura that her lifestyle is not for her and the baby. Smoking, alcohol, and very little to know exercise is not for an expecting mother. Laura needs to try and eat and find a exercise program that is good and fun for her. For example yoga is a great way to exercise and relieve stress, plus it is not hurting the mother or the baby. Also Laura should make regular appointments to see her doctor for vitamins and possibly a diet plan. Heather needs to also ensure Laura that she is not in this alone, that she will have help there when she needs it. Laura also needs to realize that having a baby is very stressful and needs to be taking very seriously. Basically Heather needs to help and encourage Laura that she needs to change her lifestyle for not only herself but for the good of the baby.

assignment 4

Heather needs to encourage Laura to give up her bad habits. She needs to explain that the effects of these habits could be detrimental to the babies health. Smoking, for instance is correlated with lower birth weights, while drinking can result in fetal alcohol syndrome. I believe that Heather should also encourage Laura to join a gym program for expectant mothers. Exercise will increase her health, which could only be beneficial to the unborn child. Heather needs to be a big support system for Laura thoroughout her pregnancy in order to insure that Laura does not slip up and harm the unborn child's health.

Assignment 4

Heather' s sister should encourage Laura to adopt some healthier lifestyles at least while she is pregnant for the sake of the baby. She should explain that there is serious effects that could take place because of her unhealthy lifestyle. The baby could risk all types of effects from the smoking and drinking, it could experience the fetal alcohol syndrome and or have a low birth weight. Also with her bad habits the baby is not getting all the nutrients that it needs to fully grow and develop. She should explain at the start of the pregnancy the baby is growing and developing and she is putting the baby's growth and devlopment at risk. She should encourage her to exercise and maintain a reasonable diet. She should also encourage her to quit smoking and drinking which is very harmful to the baby. She should encourage her that if she changes these habits quickly the baby will not be in as much risk and can still be a happy healthy baby. She should encourage her that she will do these things with her so she doesn't have to do them alone and they together can change into a healthy lifestyle.

Assignment 4

Heather would be wise to inform her friend that her current lifestyle is not one to continue leading while currently being pregnent. Alcohol, tobacco products, and little to no exercise are all unhealthy elements for a woman to have in her daily lifestyle if she is wanting to have a healthy baby. Heather should strongly encourage her friend to stop smoking all together because it is hamrful to not only herself but to her unborn child and also to the child after birth as well as to her in the long run. Some amount of daily exercise even in a small amount is better than none at all. Heather would also be very wise to advise her not to even go near alcohol. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is no laughing matter. The best advise, in short, is to stop all three unhealthy lifestyle elements and start fresh.

Assignment 4

Heather should tell Laura that smoking while pregnant is very dangerous to the fetus. She should explain that smoking can cause her child to be born with under developed lungs, learning disabilities, behavioral problems, and ADHD as well as many other health problems. Heather should also explain to Laura that drinking while pregnant can result in many health problems to the fetus as well and could lead to problems that could follow the child into adulthood. She could also tell Laura that now that she is pregnant she needs adopt a more adult lifestyle, and put she unborn child before herself.

Heather needs to definately say something to Laura. She needs to explain to her what she is doing to herself and the baby on the way. Heather needs to tell her all the harmful effects alcohol, smoking, and not exercising is doing to the baby on the way. I beleive she should also support Laura. Having a baby is alot of stress and going through it alone probably is not a good idea. Heather should explain that she is there for her and will exercise with her or help get her help. She needs to see a doctor and have the doctor explain all the risks of smoking and drinking while being pregnant. Also, the doctor can give her a plan of exercise or vitamins that need to be taken throughout the pregnancy. She needs to be a good friend and her support system.

I believe that a child needs lot of stimulation and that even includes when in the womb. I believe that you can not over stimulate a child because they are very good at focusing their attention to one thing and if they are not interested anymore they are either going to get fussy or focus on something else. Children can usually be really easy to read especially if they are your own. I believe that stimulation you provide to your child will only help them in their current development and development in the future.

assignment 4

heather should encourage her sister to quit smoking and drinking and to adopt healthy eatting and exercie practices. She should begin prenatal care and ask her doctor how to manage a healthy diet and exercise routine.

Assignment 4

Heather must encourage Laura in many different ways to change her lifestyle around in order to have a succesful pregnancy. Laura needs to stop smoking completely, and maybe isolate herself from the friends she goes out to drink with which will eliminate her desire to drink in social settings. It may also be beneficial for Laura to talk to those friends, and ask them to help her out with this by not drinking as much during her pregnancy, or atleast not involving her as much in it by telling her party stories. It would also be helpful for Laura if Heather went with her to do some light excersising during her pregnancy so that she has someone to encourage her to make these positive changes for her future child.

assignment 4

In order to help Laura have a healthier pregnancy Heather can encourage that she quit smoking. If not forever, at least while she is carrying her child. Heather could also suggest to discontinue any drinking during the pregnancy. Maybe Heather could hang out with Laura and give her a different social option instead of drinking. Heather should let Laura know that regular exercise is healthy for her and the baby. Heather could suggest yoga or aerobics classes specifically tailored to pregnant women or even enroll in a class with Laura to give her the extra motivation to get the regular exercise needed. With Heather’s guidance Laura can change her bad habits and have a healthy pregnancy and child.

assignment 4

Heather should talk to Laura, and explain to her that if she does not change her unhealthy habits, there could be serious consequences for her fetus. Heather also needs to inform Laura of the effect of a non-nutritious diet upon the fetus(such as brain damage and malnutrition) as well as the negative effect of teratogens (i.e. alcohol, smoking, drug use, and stress) upon the growing fetus (such as fetal alcohol syndrome- FAS and low birth weight- LBW). Some new lifestyle activities that Laura should adopt in order to give birth to a healthy baby are: a nutritious diet, regular but non-stressful exercise, quit smoking, and quit drinking. If all of her previous unhealthy habits are changed, their is a high possibility that her baby will be healthy and able to properly grow to its full potential.

Assignment 4

Heather can explain to laura the harmful effects of drinking and smoking for her baby. Also she can encourage her to exercise on a daily basis and eat healthy. she can also suggest taking vitamins for nurishment for the baby. All of these things will help the baby become a very healthy baby and should help prevent problems or threats posed in the future. Laura will have to change everything that she is currently doing in order to have a healthy baby

Assignment 4

Respond to one of the following:

Heather's sister, Laura, is pregnant for the first time. Laura is not known for her healthy lifestyle; she rarely exercises, smokes frequently, and is a social drinker. What are some lifestyle activities that Heather can encourage Laura to adopt in order to give birth to a healthy baby?

or

How much sensory stimulation should caregivers provide for infants? A little? A lot? Could an infant be given too much sensory stimulation? Explain.

Assignment 3

I would say that I am at the intimacy and isolation stage in Erikson’s stage of development. I feel that I have completed the industry vs. Inferiority after high school. High school was something that didn’t come naturally to me so I struggled a lot with classes friends and family. I believe that I went through Identity vs. role confusion before I completed industry vs. Inferiority because I knew before I was even in high school what I wanted to do with the rest of my life. I have found the person that I want to spend the rest of my life with, the first person in my life that made me feel like someone special, my first love. I am ready to sit down and start my family. I feel that I have a guided path waiting for me after college and after the beginning of a married life, I believe that my next stage will come sooner than expected Generativity vs. Stagnation is at my backdoor.

Assignment 3

I am in the Intamicy versus Isolation stage. I beleive that the previous stages have helped me to be the person I am today. After my freshman year, is when i came out of teh identity versus identity diffusion. I was still trying to figure out what i wanted to do with my life. When i finally decided on a major it was a big relief. I've never been in a really long relationship. For the most part I really wasn't looking for anything. I know that im in the intamicy versus isolation stage because I am ready to find that special someone thats out there for me. I'm at the point in my life that all my friends are getting married and I dont want to be the only single friend.

intimacy vs. isolation

i am currently in the intimacy vs. isolation stage in my development according to erickson's stages. i have been in a serious relationship with the same person for three and a half years. we cohabit in the same household and are both at similar social postmarks in our lives. i have overcome trust issues from childhood, and completed the identity stage after my parents divorce... i decided to go to college and focus on a career instead of marriage and children (not that i couldnt do both).

Assignement 3

Right now I am in the intimacy vs. isolation stage. I am 20 years old and am a junior. When I date girls now I am looking at whether or not I can have a future with them. I am ready for a steady relationship and find the person I want to spend the rest of my life with. I had 2 solid years of being crazy at college and partying and I am starting to mature a little and getting ready for life after college. I think Identity vs. Identity confusion made me the person I am today. I went through different phases in my life where I tried to be someone I wasn’t because I was not happy with who I was. I finally figured out “who I am” and I am happy with that.

Assignment 3

I think that I am in the identity vs. role confusion. I know what I want to major in school, but it seems like I have a hard time actually seeing myself in that type of career. Many people say that I would be great at this type of career, but others say that this type of career is what they see me in. It's not that I am afraid of failing it's just will I be good at it and will I be happy in whatever I do. It seems that I have always been this way, and that might be why I have not had a decent relationship in my lifetime. I think that I am afraid of the future and what it holds for me. But I think that once I get older and a little bit more wiser things might be a little bit more eaiser for to understand and see.

Assignment 3

I am currently in the stage identity vs role confusion. I recently was in a long term relationship and was completely dependent on him. I cared more about him and making sure he was happy than focusing on myself, but now that we are workign things out i am starting to get things firgured out and realized what i need to do and how to do it myself. and also i had to go to college where i knew no one. but now im finding myself not as confused.

I am currently in the stage identity vs role confusion. I recently was in a long relationship and was completely dependent on him. I cared more about him and making sure he was happy than focusing on myself. Also, I recently transfered to a new school and had to leave all my friends I made behind. I went to my old school with one of my best friends from high school, so I had that comfort when I left home. Now, I do not know anyone and I no longer have my boyfriend to depend on. I am now trying to find my way on my own.

I believe that I am in the intamacy vs isolation stage of Erikson's theory. I am at the age where I am watching all of my friends get engaged and/or married and I find myself wanting that sometimes, as well. The only other stage that I think really helped me to be who I am today was identity vs identity confusion. Seeing all of the potential selves that I tried makes me laugh, and I am happy that I pulled through that one successfully.

Assignment 3

I believe I have recently exited the Identity vs. Identity Confusion stage and am now in the Intimacy vs. Isolation. I believe that I'm in this stage because I feel ready to make a commitment to a relationship with someone I love. I do feel that the previous stage prepared me for this stage. Knowing who you are and what your goals are for life ground you, and give you confidence. This has helped me make the transition to the next stage. Also, as a college student, I feel that the stage of industry vs. inferiority also prepared me for the stage i'm currently in. During this stage you develop skills to either be a good worker or a lazy one. Overall, I'm happy with where the previous stages have gotten me.

assignment 3

I believe that out of Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development, I am currently in the intimacy versus isolation stage. I have found the person in my life that I want to marry and have children with, and we will love each other for the rest of our existence. Looking back on the stages prior to this one, I believe I took the positive outcome of each, and transgressed accordingly. I learned at an early age to trust my family for the trust versus mistrust stage. I learned to assert myself properly in the autonomy versus shame and doubt stage, at about the appropriate age. I took initiative in the initiative versus guilt stage when i decided to make friends, and play nicely with others in preschool. Around age nine I began to develop self-esteem, overall fulfilling the industry versus inferiority stage. I had plenty of identity confusion about who I was, and what kind of person I wanted to be in high school (as most everyone does) and finally discovered my true self/identity. In turn, finally bringing me to Erikson's sixth stage that I am currently in. Overall, I am easily able to map out my life with each stage following Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.

Assignment 3

I believe I am in the Intimacy vs. Issolation stage. I am in a serious relationship with someone that I feel I could spend the rest of my life with. The stage that helped me the most was the Industry vs. Inferiority stage. Trying to decide which direction was the best for me took a few detours throughout my college career alone and luckily my relationship happens to be traveling in the same direction.

assingment 3

I am probably in the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage. I don't know what stage has impacted me the most. I remember struggling with inferiority issues, but probably no more than a normal preteen. When I first moved to the states I did struggle with Identity vs. Confusion. I started out as a nursing major, then after teaching at a learning center, I realized that I had a passion for education, now I have a clear goal that I am working towards, opening a school in my home country.

assignment three

At this point in my life, I feel that I am in the Intimacy vs. Isolations stage of Erikson's theory. I am quite mature for my age, and looking for someone at the same maturity level as myself. This generally means that I am interested in men 2-4 years older than myself. I am fully ready to dedicate my time and devotion to someone else. I believe that passing the Identity vs. Identity Confusion stage has allowed me to open myself up for someone else. I have found myself and am sure of what I want to do in life, as well as who I want to be as an individual. I believe that passing through the stages as I have has made me a strong and loving individual.

erikson theroy

I think i am in between two stages. I am between industry vs. inferiority, and identity vs. identity confusion. I have really low self esteem and i think that makes me question if i can do the career i want. i want to go to law school but i am not really sure if i am smart enough to get in. i think i need to get my self esteem up before i can figure other things out. i am not really sure if previous stages effected me or if i am just kinda stuck even though i should be able to move to a different stage according to erikson.